Abstract: Because of the tremendous commercial and social value in big data, it becomes the key to improve the core competitiveness and seize market opportunities of enterprise using big data. The transformation of China railway to enterprise has led to a series of major changes, and railway is in a critical period of transition. To carry out marketing operations, build a service-oriented enterprise, transform to the modern logistics, and so on, urgent demand was put forward for the application of big data technology. This paper summarized the experience of telecommunication, finance and internet industry to carry out the application of big data, and proposed the system framework of application of railway large data, described the technology system of application of China railway big data, and prospected the application scenarios of big data based on the analysis of China railway development situation. The paper has a certain reference significance for the planning, design and implementation of railway big data application.