Abstract: To tackle the problem of low ratio of freight-wagon matching in the real-time tracking and early-warn system of railway freights loaded on wagons, the factors that affect the effect of real-time tracking of freights loaded on wagons in the process of railway freight transpot are analyzed respectively. Through integrating freight bill data, freight handling data and container loading list data and improving the algorithm of freight-wagon matching, the matching relationships of wagon-freight and wagon-container-freight are established, thus enhancing the freight-wagon matching ratio to over 95%. The system is improved by utilizing available freight transport data and can provide more integral data for dispatching and command, analysis and decision-making of freight transport, helping further improve the service quality of railway freight transport.