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基于IFC标准的面向需求的动态加载方法

史瑞昌, 秦琳, 朱一

史瑞昌, 秦琳, 朱一. 基于IFC标准的面向需求的动态加载方法[J]. 铁路计算机应用, 2023, 32(2): 58-63. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8451.2023.02.11
引用本文: 史瑞昌, 秦琳, 朱一. 基于IFC标准的面向需求的动态加载方法[J]. 铁路计算机应用, 2023, 32(2): 58-63. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8451.2023.02.11
SHI Ruichang, QIN Lin, ZHU Yi. Demand-oriented dynamic loading method based on IFC[J]. Railway Computer Application, 2023, 32(2): 58-63. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8451.2023.02.11
Citation: SHI Ruichang, QIN Lin, ZHU Yi. Demand-oriented dynamic loading method based on IFC[J]. Railway Computer Application, 2023, 32(2): 58-63. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-8451.2023.02.11

基于IFC标准的面向需求的动态加载方法

基金项目: 北京经纬信息技术有限公司科研项目(DZYF21-35)
详细信息
    作者简介:

    史瑞昌,助理研究员

    秦 琳,助理研究员

  • 中图分类号: U212 : TP39

Demand-oriented dynamic loading method based on IFC

  • 摘要: 为解决Web端建筑信息模型(BIM,Building Information Modeling)场景数据加载技术面向复杂模型数据时存在的加载时间过长、用户体验不佳的问题,提出一种Web端基于工业基础类(IFC,Industry Foundation Classes)标准的面向需求的动态加载方法。以IFC模型文件作为研究对象,在遵从建筑语义前提下,以建筑构件为粒度,将层次关系、几何特性、材质、属性等信息拆分存储;结合构件可见性和几何相关性,设计出基于图形处理器(GPU,Graphics Processing Unit)加速的面向需求的动态加载方法;搭建实验测试环境,选取若干IFC模型文件,进行方法验证。以初始加载构件个数、内存占用和初始加载时间作为性能评价指标,与使用BIMServer开源服务器平台加载的方法相比,文章所提方法的初始加载组件数量减少了约71%,内存占用减少了约40%,初始加载时间缩短了约78%,有效减少了用户因加载而等待的时间,改善了用户交互体验,可为铁路行业开展Web端BIM大场景应用提供快速加载技术支持。
    Abstract: In order to solve the problems of long loading time and poor user experience when building information modeling (BIM) scene data loading technology on the Web side faced complex model data, this paper proposed a IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) based demand-oriented dynamic loading method on the Web side. The paper took IFC model files as the research object, took building components as the granularity, split and stored hierarchical relationship, geometric features, material, properties and other information, combined component visibility and geometric correlation components, designed a demand-oriented dynamic loading method based on GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) acceleration, build an experimental test environment, selected several IFC model files, and verified the method. The paper used the number of initially loaded components, memory consumption and initial loading time as performance evaluation indicators. Compared with the method of loading using the BIMServer, the experimental results show that the proposed method improves the number of initially loaded components, memory consumption and initial loading time by about 71%, 40% and 78% respectively, reduces the time users wait for loading, and improves the user interaction experience. It can provide fast loading technical support for railway industry to carry out Web-end BIM big scene application.
  • 图  1   铁路BIM应用流程

    图  2   拆分后数据结构

    图  3   基于GPU加速的构件需求计算流程

    图  4   实验用IFC模型文件默认视角下的渲染效果

    图  5   初始加载构件个数比较

    图  6   占用内存比较

    图  7   初始加载时间比较

    表  1   字段含义说明

    字段名含义
    bits数据长度
    box包围盒
    edge_count边个数
    face_count面个数
    geom_uuid几何标识
    localMatrix局部矩阵
    mate材质标识集
    name名字
    p_uuid父节点标识
    type类型
    uuid节点标识
    version版本
    visible可见性
    childrens子节点集
    texture纹理贴图
    transparency透明度
    color颜色
    diffuse漫反射光
    index顶点索引
    normal顶点法向
    position顶点坐标
    uv顶点二维坐标
    tag边/面标签
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2   IFC模型文件信息

    模型名子图序号内存/KB构件数/个实体数/个
    arboleda.ifca151 1665 78617 072
    20210219Architecture.ifcb110 6727 63734 852
    industrial Park plant.ifcc242 60127 95887 144
    下载: 导出CSV
  • [1]

    BuildingSMART International. BuildingSMART industry foundation classes (IFC)[EB/OL]. [2022-08-22].https://www.buildingsmart.org/.

    [2]

    ISO. Industry foundation classes (IFC) for data sharing in the construction and facility management industries: ISO 16739: 2013[S]. Geneva: ISO, 2013.

    [3] 刘 强,张建平,胡振中. 基于键-值缓存的IFC模型Web应用技术 [J]. 清华大学学报(自然科学版),2016,56(4):348-353,359.
    [4] 徐 照,徐夏炎,李启明,等. 基于WebGL与IFC的建筑信息模型可视化分析方法 [J]. 东南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,46(2):444-449.
    [5]

    Lu H L, Wu J X, Liu Y S, et al. Dynamically loading IFC models on a web browser based on spatial semantic partitioning [J]. Visual Computing for Industry, Biomedicine, and Art, 2019, 2(1): 4. DOI: 10.1186/s42492-019-0011-z

    [6]

    Scully T, Friston S, Fan C, et al. glTF streaming from 3D repo to X3DOM[C]//Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Web3d Technology, 22-24 July, 2016, Anaheim, CA, USA. New York, USA: ACM, 2016. 7-15.

    [7]

    Scully T, Doboš J, Sturm T, et al. 3drepo. io: building the next generation Web3D repository with AngularJS and X3DOM[C]//Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on 3D Web Technology, 18-21 June, 2015, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. New York, USA: ACM, 2015. 235-243.

    [8] 李 柯,张 乾,贾金原. 云边页协同的WebBIM大场景多粒度兴趣加载调度算法 [J]. 计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2021,33(9):1388-1397.
    [9] 刘小军,贾金原. 面向手机网页的大规模WebBIM场景轻量级实时漫游算法 [J]. 中国科学:信息科学,2018,48(3):274-292.
    [10]

    BIMServer[EB/OL]. [2022-08-22]. http://bimserver.org/.

    [11]

    Open CASCADE[EB/OL]. [2022-08-22].https://www.opencascade.com/.

    [12]

    Amor R, Dimyadi J. An open repository of IFC data models and analyses to support interoperability deployment[C]//Proceedings of the 27th CIB W78 International Conference, 16-18 November, 2010, Cairo, Egypt. Kanata, Canada: CIB, 2010.

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    其他类型引用(1)

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  2022-09-26
  • 刊出日期:  2023-02-24

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