Abstract: In order to solve the problem of increasing fuel consumption caused by the loaded train stopping for the passing of the unloaded train, this paper proposed an energy saving oriented single track railway dispatching method, established the fuel characteristic curve and train dynamics model of diesel locomotives, designed an energy-saving scheduling algorithm, generated a feasible dispatching scheme according to the principle of first arrival first departure, and then optimized each passing process according to the rules. Based on the actual situation of Dalailong Single Track Freight Railway, the simulation model of this method was established. The simulation results show that the total energy saving rate of the whole train is 7.26%, which shows the effectiveness of the method.