Abstract: The modeling and analysis of railway transportation network remains as a hot and difficult spot in the researches of railway transportation organization aiming at revealing the internal relationship between the characteristics, behaviors of railway transportation and the structure of railway transportation network, thus provide valuable theoretical basis for network planning and organization optimization of railway transportation. Up to now, many research results have been achieved in the study of topological features and dynamics of complex railway transportation network. This paper parses and summarizes those researches in three perspectives of the construction of complex railway transportation network model, statistical characteristics of the network, and its dynamics. Meanwhile, relevant researches in network planning and organization optimization of railway transportation are also sorted and concluded. In all, this paper presents a all-sided overview of the research progress of complex railway transportation network and also gives a clear guidance for future researches in this aspect. Finally, some considerations and suggestions are proposed in combination with the current situation and key tasks of Chinese railway transportation.