Abstract: In order to effectively reduce the energy consumption of train operation, aiming at the problem of energy consumption optimization in the process of high-speed train running, this paper discussed the calculation of train running resistance and the setting of train stop point, based on this, established the optimization model of train operation with the minimum energy consumption as the optimization objective, proposed the guidance mechanism of three generation approach search, which improved the operator in traditional genetic algorithm, and introduced the reversal operator to improve the algorithm solving ability. The paper carried out the simulation based on the data of CRH380B high-speed train and Hefei—Fuzhou high-speed railway. The energy consumption of train operation was reduced by 10.7%. The simulation results show that the improved genetic optimization algorithm proposed in this paper can meet the punctuality and safety of high-speed train operation, and can effectively reduce the operation energy consumption.