Abstract: In order to make full use of the resources of the urban rail test line and ensure the safety of the test, it was urgently needed for the urban rail test line to implement the train location function. Through comprehensive analyzing and studying the principles, characteristics and applicability of the main location methods about domestic and abroad, and combining with the actual environment of the urban rail test line, this article put forward the new technology of distributed optical fiber vibration location and satellite position to implement train location of the urban rail test line, which provided a feasible technical scheme for real-time monitoring of the train position of the urban rail test line.