Abstract: This article introduced the relevant standards and platform general architecture of safety computer in railway field. Taking the application of safety computer in railway signal field as the theme, it summarized the application of safety computer in computer interlocking, on-board system and wireless block center, and studied the application status and research hotspots of safety computer.The research shows that the research focus of safety computer in railway signal field mainly focuses on the design and implementation of voting and synchronization, the design of safety communication, the calculation of safety evaluation, and the implementation of safety requirements by using Commercial Off-The -Shelf (COTS) components and Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA).