Abstract: In response to the problems of the calculation results of the existing passing gross weight calculation method for ordinary speed railway lines being too broad and difficult to predict the refined overhaul of steel rails, this paper proposed a refined passing gross weight calculation method and a refined overhaul prediction method for steel rails. The paper took the F station of a certain railway section as an example to calculate the track passing gross weight of the railway line and verify the feasibility of the refined overhaul of steel rail prediction method. The validation results indicate that this method can improve the accuracy of calculating the passing gross weight of the railway line and accurately predict the steel rail overhaul cycle.