Abstract: To solve the problems of insufficient design depth of prefabricated U-shaped groove components, complex interface between U-shaped groove and pump station, and low efficiency and accuracy of traditional prefabricated component appearance quality inspection methods, this paper researched on integrated BIM technology for the design and construction of prefabricated U-shaped grooves in railway subgrade. The paper conducted BIM deepening design, finely simulated the spatial position relationship of components such as rebar, sleeves, corrugated pipes, and feeding holes, and optimized the arrangement of steel bars; focused on the integrated BIM design of the pump station and U-shaped groove main structure, sharing side walls to eliminate weak connection points between the two; established a standard for the appearance quality inspection of prefabricated U-shaped grooves; obtained the component point cloud through an optical tracking laser scanner, and conducted the key dimension analysis and processing to implement automated appearance quality inspection. The application results show that this technology can effectively reduce rebar interference, enhance design integrity, improve the efficiency and accuracy of appearance quality inspection, and provide a BIM based integrated design and construction solution for railway prefabricated structures.