Abstract: In order to achieve information sharing and process traceability of the whole lifecycle of key accessories for railway freight cars from manufacturing to scrapping, and solve the problem of information silos between key accessories manufacturing units and maintenance units, this paper took the coding of key accessories for railway freight cars as the starting point, proposed a railway freight car key accessory coding model that includes product category codes and product identification codes, and designed a management process of electronic labels for key accessories of railway freight cars, extracted and formed a set of application strategies for identifying railway freight car accessories, effectively implemented data connectivity of freight car accessories, provided a foundation for further health management of railway freight car accessories.