Abstract: In the era of big data, the results of data analysis have become a major resource for railway enterprises to improve their efficiency and increase their benefit. With the preliminary construction of Data Analysis Center of China Railway Harbin Group Co. Ltd. as background, the author expounds the typical mode and essential factors of the data analysis ability system for railway corporations. And the author also explores the key points and necessary conditions of building the system, offering feasible thoughts about constructing the data analysis ability system for railway enterprise. In line with the principle of combining theory with practice, two cases of data analysis and modeling process underway are introduced. The research results can be used by similar enterprises as reference for promoting their data analysis systems and cultivating their abilities of data analysis.