Abstract: The safety of railway external environment is the basis of railway transportation safety. Aiming at the difficulties in the hidden dangers treatment in railway external environment, this paper investigated the current situation of the management and control of hidden dangers, explored the monitoring means of hidden dangers from the construction of "civil defense" "technical defense" and "material defense", studied the effective management and control measures, and standardized and improved the treatment process. This paper used satellite remote sensing, on-board vehicle live-action shooting, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV), and mobile information collection technologies, based on geographic information system, to design an open intelligent management and control platform suitable for the hidden danger treatment of railway external environment. The core module of the platform has been tested on site. The test results show that the platform can carry out visualization and labeling management of hidden dangers, timely discover and eliminate external environment security risks, quantify risk points through data modeling analysis, early warning prediction and other methods, and solve the problems of single hidden danger inspection means, heavy workload and incomplete coverage, promote the automation and intelligent level of railway external environment management and control, improve the efficiency of overall environment rectification work, and further ensure the safety of railway transportation.