Abstract: Security inspection is crucial for ensuring the safety of railway passenger transportation. In response to the problems of low intelligence level, uneven resource allocation, and low disposal efficiency in the existing railway passenger transport station (referred to as the passenger station) security inspection system (referred to as the existing system), this paper analyzed the current situation of passenger security inspection and the construction of the existing system, and designed the next generation intelligent security inspection system for railway passenger stations (referred to as the next generation system). The paper elaborated on the architecture of the next generation system and compared it with the existing system from four aspects: passenger guidance, check-in image judgment, manual inspection, and disposal of prohibited and restricted items, and analyzed the functional improvements and operational optimizations brought by the next generation system, studied the key technologies used in the next generation system, including passenger density detection in the security check area based on point marking method, hazardous liquid recognition based on X-ray high-low energy data, and automatic luggage sorting based on package graph matching, and conducts on-site verification. The verification results indicate that the next generation system can effectively improve the quality and efficiency of on-site security inspection.