Abstract: In response to the problem that traditional offline simulation technology couldn’t meet the real-time updating of the layout of public area facilities in rail transit stations with changes in passenger flow, this paper proposed an optimization scheme for the layout of public area facilities in rail transit stations based on digital twin technology, introduced the architecture design of the optimization scheme for the layout of station public area facilities, adopted technologies such as physical element decomposition of station public area facilities, construction and integration of digital twin models (geometric, physical, rule, behavior models), design of evaluation index system and optimization process, etc., which could implement functions such as static scheme simulation, dynamic real-time update, and special working condition prediction of station public area facilities. This plan can provide theoretical support and technical foundation for the development of a digital twin system to optimize the layout of public facilities in railway stations, and assist in improving the service capacity and operational efficiency of public facilities in rail transit stations.