Abstract: To address the issue of data privacy protection among multiple railway data entities in data sharing, and achieve the purpose and value of data sharing, this paper studied the construction of a railway data privacy computing system. Based on an overview of the theory and technology of privacy computing and an introduction to the demand scenarios for railway data privacy computing, the paper elaborated the architecture and functions of the railway data privacy computing system in detail, and introduced the application scenarios of the system. Building a railway data privacy computing system aims to improve the efficiency of data utilization in the railway industry, enhance data security and privacy, and provide more support for data analysis and decision-making in the railway industry.