Demand-oriented dynamic loading method based on IFC
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摘要: 为解决Web端建筑信息模型（BIM，Building Information Modeling）场景数据加载技术面向复杂模型数据时存在的加载时间过长、用户体验不佳的问题，提出一种Web端基于工业基础类（IFC，Industry Foundation Classes）标准的面向需求的动态加载方法。以IFC模型文件作为研究对象，在遵从建筑语义前提下，以建筑构件为粒度，将层次关系、几何特性、材质、属性等信息拆分存储；结合构件可见性和几何相关性，设计出基于图形处理器（GPU，Graphics Processing Unit）加速的面向需求的动态加载方法；搭建实验测试环境，选取若干IFC模型文件，进行方法验证。以初始加载构件个数、内存占用和初始加载时间作为性能评价指标，与使用BIMServer开源服务器平台加载的方法相比，文章所提方法的初始加载组件数量减少了约71%，内存占用减少了约40%，初始加载时间缩短了约78%，有效减少了用户因加载而等待的时间，改善了用户交互体验，可为铁路行业开展Web端BIM大场景应用提供快速加载技术支持。
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关键词:
- 建筑信息模型（BIM） /
- 工业基础类（IFC）标准 /
- IFC模型文件 /
- 分时动态加载 /
- 图形处理器（GPU）
Abstract: In order to solve the problems of long loading time and poor user experience when building information modeling (BIM) scene data loading technology on the Web side faced complex model data, this paper proposed a IFC (Industry Foundation Classes) based demand-oriented dynamic loading method on the Web side. The paper took IFC model files as the research object, took building components as the granularity, split and stored hierarchical relationship, geometric features, material, properties and other information, combined component visibility and geometric correlation components, designed a demand-oriented dynamic loading method based on GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) acceleration, build an experimental test environment, selected several IFC model files, and verified the method. The paper used the number of initially loaded components, memory consumption and initial loading time as performance evaluation indicators. Compared with the method of loading using the BIMServer, the experimental results show that the proposed method improves the number of initially loaded components, memory consumption and initial loading time by about 71%, 40% and 78% respectively, reduces the time users wait for loading, and improves the user interaction experience. It can provide fast loading technical support for railway industry to carry out Web-end BIM big scene application. -
表 1 字段含义说明
字段名 含义 bits 数据长度 box 包围盒 edge_count 边个数 face_count 面个数 geom_uuid 几何标识 localMatrix 局部矩阵 mate 材质标识集 name 名字 p_uuid 父节点标识 type 类型 uuid 节点标识 version 版本 visible 可见性 childrens 子节点集 texture 纹理贴图 transparency 透明度 color 颜色 diffuse 漫反射光 index 顶点索引 normal 顶点法向 position 顶点坐标 uv 顶点二维坐标 tag 边/面标签 
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表 2 IFC模型文件信息
模型名 子图序号 内存/KB 构件数/个 实体数/个 arboleda.ifc a 151 166 5 786 17 072 20210219Architecture.ifc b 110 672 7 637 34 852 industrial Park plant.ifc c 242 601 27 958 87 144
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