Abstract: In order to solve the problems in the operation and maintenance process of the current railway unattended traction substation, this paper studied and formulated the operation and maintenance scheme of the railway unattended traction substation based on collaboration across cloud, network, edge and device architecture, so as to improve the intelligent operation and maintenance level of the unattended traction substation. The paper introduced the collaboration concept across cloud, network, edge and device, expounded the architecture design and data flow of the operation and maintenance scheme, which is closely combined with front-end intelligence, edge computing, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, big data and other technologies. By analyzing the adaptability, availability, smoothness and value of the scenario, the feasibility of the scheme was proved. The scheme could meet the operation and maintenance needs of railway unattended traction substation.